Marc and Pierrette Guillemot own a Domaine of 7 hectares
in the commune of Quintaine, adjacent to the village of Clesse. Quintaine
is recognised as producing some of the finest wines of the Maconnais, having
a special micro-climate caused by the close proximity of the river Soane.
As far back as 1938 a small number of Macon villages were recognised by the
Congress des Societies Savautes de Bourgogne as producing outstanding wines;
amongst them were Fuisse, for its fine, dry white wines, and Quintaine, for
rich wines with more than a touch of sweetness. Yes - two Domaines in the
tiny hamlet of Quintaine produce in certain years late harvest, botrytis-affected
Chardonnays. These are perhaps the most remarkable white wines in the whole
of Burgundy.
Marc and Pierrette are a young couple who managed to
break away from the Cave Co-operative system in 1984, willingly forfeiting
one whole year's production in return for freedom from a system that rewards
quantity, not quality. Organic methods of production were used for the first
three years as they believed this system made finer, more characterful wines
- it is not just idealism. They use no artificial herbicides or pesticides
and produce their own compost for the vines from a blend of marc (the cake
of skins and pips left after the grapes are pressed) and manure from organically
reared animals.
During the harvest, they systematically taste their
way through the vineyards, tagging those vines whose fruit they think have
markedly interesting characteristics and concentration. In February cuttings
are taken to graft onto root stock and, gradually, the vineyards will be
replanted with these homegrown, especially selected vines.
Pierrette told me on a walk through the vineyards that
they were disillusioned with the clones that the University in Beaune were
suggesting. The Maconnais has a richer soil and warmer climate than the Cote
d'Or and therefore can produce larger crops of somewhat uninteresting fruit.
Limiting the size of the crop is one of the most important
factors in the production of exceptional wines in the Maconnais. The appellation
limit is 60 hectolitres per hectare. A leeway of 20% is allowed, but many
producers go far beyond this allowance, maintaining 'black' cellars where
the illegal over-production is kept for family gatherings or to sell locally.
Flouting the law on this scale lowers the quality of their whole crop, reducing
the concentration of the grapes and producing thin, ordinary wines. To restrict
quantities, Marc and Pierrette only leave one 'baguette' or main stalk when
pruning, rather than two as is traditional. This automatically cuts their
potential crop in half.
Since 1991 the Guillemots have been bio-dynamic producers,
a method of production followed by the famous Lalou Bize-Leroy at her Domaine
in the Cote d'Or. Bio-dynamic production is basically governed by the movements
of the moon. For example, weeding at certain times in the cycle of the moon
results in the weeds reappearing less quickly, an important factor when herbicides
are not used. Bio-dynamics also involves putting back into the plant part
of its production, hence the production of a compost from the marc of grape
skins and pips left after pressing.
By far the major proportion of the Guillemots' production
is of Macon Clesse, Quintaine. This delightful dry white wine has lovely
fruit and complexity and a richness and depth rarely found in this region.
They have experimented with using oak, but feel that even five year old barrels
give too much wood flavour to the wine. They prefer to allow the purity of
the Chardonnay fruit to shine through.
Their pride and joy is a wine produced from a tiny quantity
of Botrytis Cinerea affected, late-picked grapes - named Grains Cendres,
after the Latin for Cinerea. This is exotic, voluptuous, SWEET Chardonnay
- a true delight. Taste this wonderful wine and imagine what food would best
accompany it. Suggestions include, delicate fruity desserts - something simple,
Tarte aux Pommes for instance - Poulet a la Creme, or maybe lobster with
a rich shellfish sauce. In fact, Marc and Pierrette are constantly experimenting,
searching for new ideas, willing to take on board both traditional and modern
methods. We foresee a great future for this charming couple.